Contributors

Mark Elsner
Head, Global Risks

Grace Atkinson
Insights Specialist, Global Risks

Saadia Zahidi
Managing Director, World Economic Forum

This report has relied heavily on the dedication and expertise of World Economic Forum colleagues: Mitali Chatterjee, Ricky Li, and Eoin Ó Cathasaigh.

The report has greatly benefited from the insight and expertise of the members of the Global Risks Report Advisory Board: Rolf Alter (Hertie School); Kannan Amaresh (Infosys); Azeem Azhar (Exponential View); Amitabh Behar (Oxfam International); Beatrice Weder di Mauro (Centre for Economic Policy Research); Nita Farahany (Duke University); Niall Ferguson (Hoover Institution, Stanford University); Peter Giger (Zurich Insurance Group); Charles Godfray (Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford); Erick Gustafson (Marsh); Jim Leape (Stanford University); Mary McCann (S&P Global); Robert Muggah (Igarapé Institute); Eleni Myrivili (The Atlantic Council); Jonathan D. Ostry (University of Toronto); Carol Ouko-Misiko (The Institute of Risk Management); Eduardo Pedrosa (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Secretariat); Danny Quah (Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore); Daniel Ralph (University of Cambridge); Samir Saran (Observer Research Foundation); Pardis Sabeti (Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health); Charlotte Lindberg Warakulle (CERN); Amy Webb (NYU Stern School of Business); Ngaire Woods (Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford); and Alexandra Zapata Hojel (Future Tense Now).

We are also grateful to the following individuals from our Global Risks Community:

Chief Risk Officers Community: Magnus Agustsson (Danske Bank A/S); Nadir Ahmed (OMINVEST); Naif Alkhairallah (Saudi Industrial Development Fund); Eric Allen (Russell Reynolds Associates Inc.); Kannan Amaresh (Infosys Ltd); Fredrik Arnö (Vattenfall); Zeynep Ersahin Asik (United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs [OCHA]); Cherie Axelrod (The Western Union Company); Mohd Azmir bin Mohd Jani (Permodalan Nasional Berhad [PNB]); Barbara Badoino (Novartis International AG); Oliver Bartholet (Bank Julius Baer & Co. Ltd); Lisa Bechtold (Nestlé); Scott Berryman (PwC); Manab Kumar Biswas (GAIL (India) Limited); Fatoumata Bouaré (European Bank for Reconstruction and Development [EBRD]); Romy Bowers (International Monetary Fund [IMF]); Vanessa Candela (Celonis Deutschland GMBH); Vijay Chakravarthy (Louis Dreyfus Company); Manoj Chawla (Emirates NBD Bank PJSC); Laurie Cherpock (Chanel Limited); Christos Christou (LuLu Financial Holdings); Carol Collins (AXIS Capital Holdings Limited); Matteo Coppola (Boston Consulting Group); Mark Currie (Investec Bank Ltd); Isha Dalal (Mahindra Group); Salvador Dahan (United Nations World Food Programme [WFP]); Diane Doering (Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd); Mohamed Dukandar (e&); Andressa Duran (Vale SA); Edward Fishwick (BlackRock Inc.); Guillaume Eliet (Euroclear SA/NV); Rui Eustáquio (EDP S.A.); Natasha Fields (World Trade Organization [WTO]); Henrique Fragelli (Nu Holdings Ltd.); François-Marie Gardet (Holcim Ltd); Paul Gibson (Heidrick & Struggles); Peter Giger (Zurich Insurance Group); Francoise Gilles (AXA SA); Karen Griffin (Mastercard International Incorporated); Erin Harris (Accenture); Mats Holmström (Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB [SEB]); Deborah Hrvatin (CLS Bank International); Trina Huelsman (Deloitte); Giuliano Carrozza Iorio (Petroleo Brasileiro SA - PETROBRAS); Chris Jaques (First Abu Dhabi Bank P.J.S.C.); Huishu Ji (Green Climate Fund); Imed Khammari (Arab Bank (Switzerland) Ltd.); Gert Kruger (FirstRand Ltd); Thomas Kyhl (PensionDanmark); Scott Lester (BHP Group Limited); Renato Maia Lopes (Companhia Brasileira de Aluminio [CBA]); Mary McCann (S&P Global); Enrica Marra (Mundys SpA); Alex Markovski (Rio Tinto); David Maslo (African Risk Capacity "ARC" Ltd); Joseph Masri (General Retirement and Social Insurance Authority [GRSIA)); Pierre-Yves Mathonet (Mubadala Investment Company); Bhaskar Mehta (GFH Financial Group BSC); Pedro Cupertino de Miranda (SONAE SGPS SA); Qiniso Mthembu (JSE Limited); Heike Niebergall-Lackner (International Committee of the Red Cross [ICRC]); Torben Oeder (Volkswagen AG); Sebastian Pichler (Allianz SE); Enrico Piotto (EFG International AG); Ali Qahtani (Aramco); Hanne Raatikainen (UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency); Raghuraman Ranganathan (Wipro Limited); Maria Thestrup (Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance); Mark Steele (OakNorth); Brian Stephens (Teneo Holdings); Richard Thomas (Mercuria Energy Group Holding SA); Iliyana Tsanova (European Commission); Gary Turner (Bain & Company); Yoshihiro Uotani (Sompo Holdings Inc.); Alex Vallejo (PG&E Corporation); Jacob van der Blij (United Nations Children's Fund [UNICEF]); and Damian Vogel (UBS AG).

This report has relied on the expertise of our colleagues who provided inputs: Tatiana Aguilar; Maria Alonso; Silja Baller; Filipe Beato, Kimmy Bettinger; Matthew Blake; Roberto Bocca; Vivian Brady-Phillips; Agustina Callegari; Aengus Collins, Nicole Cowell; Anu Devi; Ginelle Greene Dewasmes; Attilio Di Battista; Daniel Dobrygowski; Sean Doherty; Audrey Duet; Laura Dunkley; Gill Einhorn; Rabab Fayad; Samira Gazzane; Camille Georges; Alfredo Giron; Fernando Gomez; Sam Grayling; Philipp Grosskurth; Yanjun Guo; Cihan Giray Özdemir; Michael Higgins; Sheik Tanjeb Islam; Adele Jacquard; Ximena Jativa; Akshay Joshi; Kateryna Karunska; Ariel Kastner; Eleni Kemene; Amalya Khachatryan; Aoife Kirk; Connie Kuang; Benjamin Larsen; Ella Yutong Lin; Ostap Lutsyshyn; Espen Mehlum; Jeff Merritt; Sarah Moin; Giulia Moschetta; Katia Moskvitch; Kristen Panerali; Natasa Perucica; Jorgen Sandstrom; David Sangokoya; Arunima Sarkar; Niels Selling; Shuvasish Sharma; Stephanie Shi; Rob van Riet; Judith Vega; Aditi Sara Verghese; Roddy Weller; and Olivia Zeydler, as well as Kelly Richdale (SandboxAQ).

In addition to those mentioned above, we extend our thanks to the following colleagues: Charlotte Beale; Sakshi Bhatnagar; Anna Bruce-Lockhart; Harry Gray Calvo; Beatrice Di Caro; Kateryna Gordiychuk; Rasha Hasbini; Taeko Itabashi; Gayle Markovitz; Sybile Penhirin; Robin Pomeroy; Emily Poyser; Anais Rassat; and Marie Vilon.

We extend our thanks to the Institute of Risk Management, the Institute of Risk Management India and AcademyGlobal for support with the GRPS.

Design and Production: Thank you to all those involved in the design and production of this year’s report and related assets: Alessandra Facchin; Carla D'Antonio; Giovanni Marchi; Mike Fisher and Floris Landi.

We would also like to thank Salesforce and Lovelytics whose partnership supported the development of the interactive global risks data visualization: Joely Friedman; Katie Knoch; Justine Moscatello; Justin Rose and Giovanni Salvi.

Cover image: Albert Badia Costa