1972, AB in Chemistry and Physics, Harvard College; 1977, PhD in Physiology, University of Cambridge. From 1989: Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the largest non-profit biomedical research organization in the US; Professor of Pharmacology and Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego. Memberships: National Academy of Sciences; Royal Society. Scientific founder of four biotechnology companies. Recipient of awards: Artois-Baillet-Latour Health Prize (1995); Gairdner Award (1995); Heineken Prize in Biochemistry (2002); Wolf Prize in Medicine (2004); Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2008). Expertise: molecular engineering, imaging, cancer diagnosis and therapy.