Master's in Business Economics, Tilburg University, Netherlands. 1970, Financial Controller, Lips Aluminium, Drunen; 1975, joined Alcoa, several financial positions including, 1991, Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer. 1997-2005, with Koninklijke Philips Electronics, first as Chief Financial Officer, then 2002, Vice-Chairman. With ING Group: until January 2009, Chairman, Supervisory Board; since January 2009, Chief Executive Officer.