BA in International Studies, West Virginia Wesleyan College; MA in International Relations, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS). Began career in the Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, US Department of State. Served as Special Assistant to the coordinator of US assistance to the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union. 1994-2001, Senior Associate, international consulting firm. 2001-05, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State, Bureau for European and Eurasian Affairs. Until 2009, Executive Director, Office of the Chairman of the Board, American National Red Cross. 2009, joined CSIS; currently, Senior Vice-President, Europe, Eurasia and the Arctic and Director, Europe Program.