1981, Bachelor's in Engineering, Cambridge University. Formerly: National Service, Singapore; 1983, Assistant Director, Ministry of Trade and Industry, overseeing domestic trade; 1987, Deputy Director, International Trade; 1989, Assistant Head of Research, Ministry of Home Affairs; with NatSteel: manager, Corporate Planning; 1996, Executive Vice-President and Chief Executive Officer, NatSteel Resorts International and NatSteel Properties; 2005, Chief Executive Officer and President; Member of Parliament: 2001, Holland-Bukit Panjang GRC; 2006, Chua Chu Kang SMC; Member: Remaking Singapore Committee and Public Accounts Committee; Chairman, Government Parliamentary Committee for Education; 2005, Minister of Education and Minister of Manpower. Since 2008, current position. Chair, Publication and Publicity Committee, People's Action Party.