Degrees: HEC School of Management; Institut d'Etudes Politiques (IEP); Ecole Nationale d'Administration (ENA). 1985-94, Chief of Staff to President of European Commission, Jacques Delors. 1994-99, CEO, Credit Lyonnais. 1999-2004, European Trade Commissioner. 2005-13, Director-General, World Trade Organization, serving for two consecutive terms. Member, French Socialist Party.