1973, BSc (Hons) in Zoology, Bangalore University; 1975, postgraduate in Malting and Brewing, Ballarat College, Melbourne University. 1974, Trainee Brewer, Carlton and United Breweries, Melbourne and Trainee Malster, Barrett Brothers & Burston, Australia; 1975-77, Technical Consultant, Jupiter Breweries, Calcutta and Technical Manager, Standard Maltings Corporation, Baroda; 1978, Trainee Manager, Biocon Biochemicals, Cork, Ireland; since 1978, Chairperson and Managing Director, Biocon India. Chairman: Syngene International, Bangalore; Clinigene International, Bangalore. Member: Confederation of Indian Industry; Greater Mysore Chamber of Industries; Advisory Committee, Department of Biotechnology; Young Presidents' Organization; Research Council, CFTRI; Board of Trustees, Karnataka Chitrakala Parishat. Chairperson, All India Art Exhibition.